巧用构词法 阅读无障碍（二）

                                                山东 高呈宝

二、利用合成法猜测词义。

例题：（2005年重庆卷-D）

…

The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-looking in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience. …

68. The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way” in Paragraph 4 means ____________.
A. far-away   B. dangerous   C. ancient   D. secret

分析：选A。由合成词out-of-the-way的原意以及下句中的isolation一词，可知灯塔在一个“孤零零”的地方。

拓展：合成法构成的新词，一般都是各成分意义的组合，从类型上说，有合成形容词、合成名词、合成动词、合成副词、合成代词等。中学英语教材中常见的有：

此外，转化法得来的词汇也频频出现在阅读理解中，如：

1．We will try our best to better our living conditions.（这里better是形容词转化为动词）我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
2. She nursed her husband back to health.（这里nurse是名词转化为动词）她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。
3．Murder will out.（这里out是副词转化为动词）(谚语)恶事终必将败露。

巩固练习：

一、单项选择。根据构词法猜测词义。

1. It is better to (preview)______ the lesson before you  come to the lecture.

   A. to read before the lecture   B. to read after the lecture  C. to read during the lecture

2.Micheal played hard and succeeded in getting into the (semi-final)______.

  A. the game half way to the end

B. the game for the champion

C. the game for the right to compete for the champion

3. Sarah went to the post office to mail a package. The (postage)______ was expensive.

   A. 包裹          B. 邮件           C. 邮资

4. The clothing company is going to (modernize)______ its jeans factory.

 A. 使时髦 B. 使现代化  C. 重新组织

5. It is (unbelievable)____ that the tortoise won the  race with the hare.

A.毫无疑问的 B. 难以置信的C.可以相信的

二、有所给词的正确形式天空。

6 It snowed _______ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)

7. We want ___________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)

8. Please give me some reference work. It will ________ my task. (simple)

9. The boy had the ___________ of being half starved. (appear)

10. Thank you for your _________. (kind)

11. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their college _________ . (expensive)

Key: 1.A  2.A   3.C   4.B     5.B

责任编辑:yingyubao